Radical prostatectomy, the surgical removal of the prostate, is a treatment option for patients with localized prostate cancer.

The exact causes of prostate cancer are unknown, but age and family history play a role. Men over 69 years of age and those with a family history of prostate, breast, or ovarian cancer are at higher risk. The influence of testosterone on cancer development is still unclear.

Prostate cancer often remains asymptomatic for a long time but can cause difficulties in urination, frequent or painful urination, blood in urine or semen. In advanced stages, pain occurs, especially with tumor spread or bone metastases.

For locally limited tumors, surgical removal offers high chances of cure. In older patients with a life expectancy of less than 10 to 15 years, the operation is not considered advantageous.

The Da-Vinci prostatectomy is a robot-assisted, minimally invasive keyhole surgery requiring special surgical expertise. Instruments are introduced under general anesthesia through small abdominal incisions and then controlled by the surgeon via a console.

During the operation, the prostate, seminal vesicles, and surrounding tissue are removed, aiming to preserve structures for urinary continence and, if the oncological situation allows, the vascular nerve plexuses (neurovascular bundles) for preserving erectile function. After connecting the bladder to the urethra, a bladder catheter is placed for healing.

The success of the operation depends on the team’s experience and specific patient data.

Every surgery carries certain risks, such as bleeding during or after the operation, damage to adjacent organs, or wound healing problems.

Previous surgeries, illnesses, or medications can affect the course of the operation and postoperative recovery. These risks are assessed individually based on the patient’s medical history.

Possible side effects include involuntary urine loss and erectile dysfunction. If lymph nodes are removed, an accumulation of lymph fluid (lymphocele) may occur.

Depending on the tissue analysis, a tailored treatment and follow-up plan wil be developed. Additional therapy may be necessary. Surgery can often cure tumors, but regular check-ups remain essential as cancer can recur. Moreover, a balanced diet, adequate fluid intake, exercise, and sleep support recovery and strengthen long-term health.